Here's an overview of these processes:
Exploration of Coal Mines
The primary goal of exploration is to discover new coal deposits through systematic search & evaluation of geological formations.
Geological Mapping: Detailed mapping of the geological structures and formations in the area of interest to identify potential coal-bearing strata.
Geophysical Surveys: Use of various geophysical methods (such as seismic surveys, electrical resistivity, magnetometry) to detect and map subsurface structures that may contain coal deposits.
Drilling: Core drilling and rotary drilling are commonly used to obtain samples of underground strata for analysis. These samples help determine coal seam thickness, quality, depth, and continuity.
Exploration Drilling: Once preliminary surveys indicate potential coal deposits, exploratory drilling targets specific locations to confirm the presence and extent of coal seams.
Resource Estimation: Based on data from geological mapping, surveys, and drilling, resource estimation calculates the quantity of coal present in the deposit. This involves categorizing resources into measured, indicated, and inferred categories based on confidence levels.
Survey of Coal Mines
Surveys are conducted to gather detailed information necessary for planning and operating coal mines safely and efficiently.
Topographic Surveys: Mapping of the surface terrain and features of the mining area, including natural and man-made structures, water bodies, and vegetation.
Boundary Surveys: Determination and marking of property boundaries to ensure legal compliance and prevent encroachment.
Surface Subsidence Surveys: Monitoring and prediction of ground subsidence due to underground mining activities to minimize environmental impact and ensure safety.
Survey Control Networks: Establishment of accurate reference points and benchmarks for precise mapping and positioning of mining infrastructure and activities.
Environmental Surveys: Assessment of environmental conditions before, during, and after mining operations to monitor and mitigate impacts on air, water, soil, and biodiversity.
Effective exploration and thorough surveying contribute to sustainable mining practices and the efficient utilization of coal resources.